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C&P Exam Prep: Thyroid and Parathyroid Conditions

DC 7905 endocrine 38 CFR 4.119

DBQ Overview

Interview + Physical
Form Name
Thyroid_and_Parathyroid
Form Code
Thyroid_and_Parathyroid
Page Count
10
Examiner Type
Endocrinologist or Physician
Estimated Duration
15-30 minutes
Exam Format
Interview + Physical

What to Expect During Your Exam

Exam Overview

To accurately document the current severity of your thyroid or parathyroid condition, including diagnosis, functional impact, symptoms, lab findings, treatment history, and any residuals or complications, so that VA can assign an appropriate disability rating under 38 CFR 4.119.

What the examiner evaluates:

  • Current diagnosis (hypothyroidism, hyperthyroidism, thyroiditis, thyroid enlargement, hypo/hyperparathyroidism, neoplasms, etc.)
  • Thyroid function status - whether normal, hypothyroid, or hyperthyroid
  • Presence and severity of symptoms such as fatigue, constipation, nausea, anorexia, and weight changes
  • Heart rate and blood pressure as indicators of thyroid function
  • Presence of myxedema and whether it has been stabilized
  • Eye involvement (exophthalmos, diplopia, corneal issues) that may require separate evaluation
  • Skin findings including hypo/hyperpigmentation, abnormal texture, and scar/tissue changes
  • Results and dates of relevant lab tests: TSH, Free T4, Free T3, thyroid antibodies, calcium, ionized calcium, parathyroid hormone (PTH)
  • Imaging studies: thyroid ultrasound, thyroid scan, CT, MRI
  • Biopsy results if applicable
  • History of surgery (thyroidectomy, parathyroidectomy), radiation therapy, chemotherapy, or radioactive iodine treatment
  • Presence and severity of hypercalcemia and its indicators (bone mineral density, creatinine clearance, serum calcium levels)
  • Musculoskeletal, cardiovascular, neurological, GI, GU, skin, eye, and psychiatric manifestations
  • Functional impact on occupational and daily activities
  • Whether condition is in remission or active; whether neoplasm is benign or malignant, primary or secondary

The exam may be conducted in person at a VA facility or contracted exam site (e.g., QTC, VES, LHI). Virtual/telehealth exams are also possible. Bring all relevant records, medication lists, and prior lab results. You have the right to request that the exam be recorded in most states.

Typical duration: 15-30 minutes

TSH (Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone)

Primary indicator of thyroid function; elevated TSH suggests hypothyroidism, suppressed TSH suggests hyperthyroidism

What to expect:

Examiner will review existing lab values from your medical records. No blood draw is typically performed during the C&P exam itself, but the examiner may note if recent labs are unavailable.

Key thresholds:

  • TSH above normal reference range — Supports hypothyroidism diagnosis; may affect rating under DC 7903
  • TSH below normal reference range — Supports hyperthyroidism diagnosis; may affect rating under DC 7900/7902

Tips:

  • Bring printed copies of your most recent TSH, Free T4, and Free T3 lab results with reference ranges
  • If your labs fluctuate, bring results showing the worst values as well as your trend over time
  • Note the date of each lab test - the examiner documents test dates on the DBQ

Pain considerations: N/A - lab value, not a pain measurement

Free T4 and Free T3

Active thyroid hormones; low values indicate hypothyroidism, high values indicate hyperthyroidism

What to expect:

Examiner will review prior lab results. Bring documentation of values with lab reference ranges.

Key thresholds:

  • Free T4 below normal — Corroborates hypothyroidism; supports higher ratings if symptomatic
  • Free T3 elevated — May support hyperthyroidism, including T3 toxicosis

Tips:

  • Bring labs from the past 6-12 months
  • If your condition required medication adjustments, document the dates and reasons for changes

Pain considerations: N/A - lab value, not a pain measurement

Parathyroid Hormone (PTH) and Calcium Levels

PTH regulates calcium; elevated PTH with hypercalcemia indicates hyperparathyroidism; low PTH with hypocalcemia indicates hypoparathyroidism

What to expect:

Examiner reviews your documented lab results. Key thresholds for hypercalcemia include total calcium greater than 12 mg/dL (3.3 mmol/L) and ionized calcium greater than 5.6 mg/dL, or creatinine clearance less than 60 mL/min as a complication marker.

Key thresholds:

  • Total calcium > 12 mg/dL — Indicator of symptomatic hypercalcemia under hyperparathyroidism rating criteria
  • Ionized calcium > 5.6 mg/dL — Another threshold for hypercalcemia documentation
  • Bone mineral density T-score - -2.5 — Indicates hypercalcemia-related osteoporosis; affects hyperparathyroidism severity rating
  • Creatinine clearance < 60 mL/min — Indicates renal complications from hypercalcemia; increases severity documentation

Tips:

  • Bring documented PTH levels, serum calcium, and ionized calcium results
  • If you have had a DEXA scan, bring those bone density results
  • If you have had kidney stones from hypercalcemia, document those episodes

Pain considerations: Note any bone pain, muscle weakness, or joint pain associated with abnormal calcium levels, as these can affect secondary musculoskeletal ratings

Heart Rate and Blood Pressure (Vital Signs)

Elevated resting heart rate (tachycardia) is a key finding in hyperthyroidism; bradycardia and elevated blood pressure can occur in hypothyroidism

What to expect:

Examiner will record your heart rate and blood pressure during the exam. Your resting values at the time of the exam will be documented on the DBQ.

Key thresholds:

  • Heart rate > 100 bpm at rest — Supports hyperthyroid activity; may contribute to cardiovascular referral under DC 7008
  • Heart rate < 60 bpm at rest — May support hypothyroid activity

Tips:

  • Do not take extra stimulants (caffeine, decongestants) before the exam that could artificially elevate your heart rate
  • If your resting heart rate is consistently elevated or depressed, mention this to the examiner as part of your typical presentation
  • Tell the examiner if you are on beta-blockers or other heart rate-affecting medications for thyroid-related reasons

Pain considerations: Report any palpitations, racing heart, chest discomfort, or shortness of breath related to heart rate changes

Thyroid Ultrasound and Thyroid Scan

Structural evaluation of thyroid size, nodules, and vascularity; radioactive iodine scan evaluates functional activity

What to expect:

The examiner will review existing imaging results. No imaging is typically performed at the C&P exam itself.

Key thresholds:

  • Enlarged thyroid with nodule(s) documented — Supports diagnosis of thyroid enlargement (toxic or non-toxic); location and size matter for DBQ
  • Cold vs. hot nodule on scan — Relevant to neoplasm evaluation and malignancy risk

Tips:

  • Bring copies of ultrasound and scan reports with radiologist interpretations
  • Note the date of each imaging study
  • If you have had multiple ultrasounds showing growth or change, bring the series

Pain considerations: Note any neck pain, pressure, or difficulty swallowing related to thyroid enlargement

Estimate

Rating Criteria Breakdown

100% Hypothyroidism (DC 7903): Myxedema (severely decreased thyro ...

Hypothyroidism (DC 7903): Myxedema (severely decreased thyroid function) with associated symptoms including cold intolerance, muscular weakness, cardiovascular involvement, mental disturbance, bradycardia, and coarse dry skin. Also 100% for malignant neoplasm of the thyroid (DC 7905) that is active or requiring treatment.

Key Symptoms

  • Myxedema with cold intolerance
  • Muscular weakness affecting daily function
  • Cardiovascular manifestations (bradycardia, heart failure)
  • Significant mental disturbance or cognitive impairment
  • Coarse dry skin and edema
  • Profound fatigue limiting all activity
  • Active malignant thyroid neoplasm under treatment

CFR: DC 7903: Hypothyroidism rated at 100% when myxedema is present with the full constellation of severe systemic symptoms. DC 7905: Malignant neoplasm of the thyroid is rated at 100% while active or during and for six months following the cessation of any surgical, radiation, or other therapeutic procedure.

60% Hypothyroidism (DC 7903): Hypothyroidism with symptoms inclu ...

Hypothyroidism (DC 7903): Hypothyroidism with symptoms including fatigability, constipation, and mental sluggishness, but not meeting the full criteria for myxedema. Also applicable to hyperthyroidism (DC 7900) with severe symptoms such as significant weight loss, cardiovascular involvement, and sympathetic nervous system excitability that disrupts daily activities.

Key Symptoms

  • Persistent fatigue severely limiting activity
  • Constipation requiring ongoing management
  • Mental sluggishness affecting work and daily tasks
  • Significant weight loss (hyperthyroidism)
  • Tachycardia and palpitations (hyperthyroidism)
  • Heat intolerance and excessive sweating (hyperthyroidism)
  • Tremor and nervousness (hyperthyroidism)

CFR: DC 7903 hypothyroidism with fatigability, constipation, and mental sluggishness. DC 7900 hyperthyroidism with symptoms of cardiac involvement or severe systemic effects.

30% Hypothyroidism (DC 7903): Fatigability and other symptoms th ...

Hypothyroidism (DC 7903): Fatigability and other symptoms that are present but less severe. Hyperthyroidism (DC 7900) with moderate symptoms. Hyperparathyroidism (DC 7907) with symptomatic hypercalcemia not requiring surgical intervention. Hypoparathyroidism with tetany or other symptomatic manifestations.

Key Symptoms

  • Moderate fatigue affecting some but not all daily activities
  • Mild to moderate constipation
  • Symptomatic hypercalcemia (nausea, anorexia, muscle weakness)
  • Bone pain related to calcium dysregulation
  • Mild cardiac symptoms
  • Tetanic episodes (hypoparathyroidism)
  • Moderate nervousness or tremor

CFR: DC 7903 at 30%: Fatigability present but not incapacitating. DC 7907: Hyperparathyroidism with symptomatic hypercalcemia.

10% Hypothyroidism (DC 7903): Symptom-free on continuous thyroid ...

Hypothyroidism (DC 7903): Symptom-free on continuous thyroid replacement therapy. Thyroiditis (DC 7906) with normal thyroid function (euthyroid) is rated 0%; however, residual endocrine dysfunction is rated at minimum 10% if requiring ongoing medication to maintain function. Thyroid enlargement (non-toxic, DC 7901) without functional dysfunction.

Key Symptoms

  • Requiring daily medication to maintain normal thyroid function
  • Asymptomatic on replacement therapy but requiring monitoring
  • Non-toxic thyroid enlargement without hormonal abnormality
  • Mild symptoms occasionally noted despite treatment

CFR: DC 7903: A minimum 10% rating is assigned when a veteran requires continuous thyroid medication to maintain normal function, even if asymptomatic. DC 7901: Non-toxic thyroid enlargement without evidence of hyperthyroidism or hypothyroidism.

0% Thyroiditis (DC 7906) with normal thyroid function (euthyroi ...

Thyroiditis (DC 7906) with normal thyroid function (euthyroid). Benign neoplasm of the thyroid or parathyroid that has been excised with no residuals. Condition fully controlled with no functional impairment and no ongoing medication requirement.

Key Symptoms

  • Euthyroid status with no symptoms
  • Post-surgical with no residuals and no medication requirement
  • Incidental finding with no functional impact

CFR: DC 7906: Thyroiditis rated 0% when euthyroid. Note that if thyroiditis manifests as hyperthyroidism or hypothyroidism, evaluate under the applicable DC (7900 or 7903).

How to Describe Your Symptoms

Fatigue and Energy Level

How to describe:

Describe fatigue in terms of specific functional limitations. How many hours per day are you functional? Can you complete a full workday? Do you need to rest during the day? Has fatigue affected your employment or ability to care for yourself?

Worst-day example:

“On my worst days, I wake up exhausted even after 10 hours of sleep. I cannot stand long enough to cook a meal without sitting down. I have had to leave work early multiple times per month and have missed entire days. Simple tasks like showering require me to rest afterward.”

What the examiner listens for:

Specific activities limited, frequency of fatigue episodes, whether fatigue is constant or episodic, impact on work and self-care, whether fatigue is present despite treatment

Understatements to avoid:

Do not say 'I get a little tired sometimes' if you mean that fatigue is a daily, significant problem. Avoid saying 'I manage okay' if managing requires you to significantly alter your life around the fatigue.

Cognitive and Mental Symptoms (Mental Sluggishness, Memory, Mood)

How to describe:

Describe how your thinking has changed. Are you slower to process information? Do you forget things you used to remember easily? Do you feel depressed, anxious, or emotionally blunted? Have colleagues, family, or supervisors noticed changes?

Worst-day example:

“On my worst days, I cannot follow a conversation without losing track. I have missed appointments and deadlines because I simply forgot them. I feel mentally foggy from the moment I wake up. My supervisor has commented on errors I never used to make.”

What the examiner listens for:

Concrete examples of cognitive failures, frequency, impact on employment, whether symptoms pre-exist the thyroid condition, any formal neuropsychological testing

Understatements to avoid:

Do not minimize cognitive symptoms as 'just getting older.' If they started or worsened with your thyroid condition, make that connection explicit.

Cardiovascular Symptoms (Palpitations, Tachycardia, Bradycardia, Chest Discomfort)

How to describe:

Describe frequency, duration, and triggers. How many times per week do you experience palpitations? Do they wake you at night? Have you sought emergency care? Do they occur at rest or only with exertion?

Worst-day example:

“On my worst days, I have episodes of my heart racing at over 120 beats per minute while sitting still. I have gone to urgent care three times in the past year for this. The episodes last 20-30 minutes and leave me feeling shaky and exhausted afterward.”

What the examiner listens for:

Documented ER or cardiology visits, Holter monitor results, rate and rhythm abnormalities, connection to thyroid dysfunction, impact on physical activity tolerance

Understatements to avoid:

Do not omit cardiac symptoms because you think they belong to a separate condition if they are caused by or worsened by your thyroid disease. These should be reported and linked.

Gastrointestinal Symptoms (Constipation, Nausea, Anorexia)

How to describe:

Describe frequency and severity. How often do you experience constipation? Do you require medications or dietary modifications? Has your appetite changed? Have you lost or gained significant weight?

Worst-day example:

“On my worst days, I go more than a week without a bowel movement despite using laxatives and stool softeners daily. I have no appetite and have lost 15 pounds over the past year without trying. Nausea keeps me from eating regular meals.”

What the examiner listens for:

Weight changes documented in medical records, frequency of GI symptoms, medications used to manage symptoms, impact on nutrition and daily function

Understatements to avoid:

Do not say constipation is 'not a big deal' if it is chronic and requiring medication. Weight loss or gain tied to thyroid dysfunction is clinically significant.

Eye Involvement (Exophthalmos, Diplopia, Vision Changes)

How to describe:

Describe any eye protrusion, double vision, or vision blurring in detail. When did it start? Is it constant or intermittent? Does it affect driving, reading, or working at a screen? Have you seen an ophthalmologist?

Worst-day example:

“On my worst days, my eyes protrude so significantly that I cannot fully close them at night, which has caused corneal irritation. I have double vision that prevents me from driving safely and requires me to close one eye to use a computer.”

What the examiner listens for:

Ophthalmology referral documentation, degree of proptosis measured in mm, diplopia in specific gaze positions, corneal exposure issues, any surgical intervention for eye disease

Understatements to avoid:

Do not fail to mention eye symptoms. Under 38 CFR 4.119 Note 3, eye involvement from thyroid disease can be separately rated under 38 CFR 4.79 (e.g., DC 6090 for diplopia). Failing to report it means it may not be separately evaluated.

Skin Manifestations (Dryness, Texture, Pigmentation, Scar Changes)

How to describe:

Describe visible skin changes, scarring from thyroid surgery, pigmentation changes, or pretibial myxedema. Where are they located? How large are the affected areas? Do they cause discomfort, itching, or cosmetic disfigurement?

Worst-day example:

“My thyroidectomy scar is thickened and inflexible, causing discomfort when I turn my neck. The skin on my neck and lower legs is hyperpigmented and has an abnormal leathery texture covering approximately 20 cm- on each leg.”

What the examiner listens for:

Location, size (cm-), degree of tissue loss or distortion, disfigurement of head/face/neck, whether scar affects underlying soft tissue or movement

Understatements to avoid:

Do not ignore scar changes from thyroidectomy. The DBQ specifically evaluates surgical scars for disfigurement, tissue loss, and underlying soft tissue involvement.

Hyperparathyroidism - Hypercalcemia Symptoms

How to describe:

Describe symptoms of high calcium: bone pain, muscle weakness, kidney stones, excessive thirst and urination, fatigue, confusion, and abdominal pain. Were you hospitalized? Did symptoms require IV fluids or bisphosphonates?

Worst-day example:

“On my worst days, bone pain in my hips and spine makes it impossible to stand for more than 10 minutes. I have passed two kidney stones in the past two years. I am constantly thirsty and urinating frequently, and I feel confused and unable to concentrate.”

What the examiner listens for:

Documentation of kidney stones, bone density results, hospitalization for hypercalcemia, medications used (bisphosphonates, cinacalcet), whether surgery was required despite ongoing hypercalcemia

Understatements to avoid:

Do not minimize hypercalcemia symptoms. The VA rating criteria specifically reference whether hypercalcemia required treatment, persisted despite surgery, and whether bone density or creatinine clearance are affected.

Common Mistakes to Avoid

Prep Checklist

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Before Your Exam

Day Of

During the Exam

After the Exam

Your Rights During a C&P Exam

  • You have the right to a thorough, adequate C&P examination. An inadequate exam (one that does not address all symptoms, is too brief, or does not review available records) can be challenged and a new exam requested.
  • You have the right to request a copy of the completed DBQ after the examination. This allows you to review it for errors or omissions before a rating decision is made.
  • In most states, you have the right to record your C&P examination with an audio or video device. Check your state's consent laws - in one-party consent states, you can record without informing the examiner.
  • You have the right to bring a representative (VSO, accredited claims agent, or attorney) to the C&P exam, though they typically may not speak during the medical portion.
  • You have the right to submit a personal statement (buddy statement from you, VA Form 21-4142) and lay statements from family or coworkers describing the functional impact of your condition. These are evidence and must be considered.
  • You have the right to submit a nexus letter or independent medical opinion (IMO) from your treating physician if you believe the C&P examiner's opinion is inadequate or incorrect.
  • You have the right to appeal a rating decision if you believe the examiner's findings or the VA's rating are inaccurate. Options include a Supplemental Claim, Higher-Level Review, or appeal to the Board of Veterans' Appeals.
  • Under the PACT Act, veterans exposed to toxic substances during service may have expanded presumptive eligibility for certain endocrine conditions. Ask your VSO whether any PACT Act presumptions apply to your claim.
  • You are not required to accept the first rating decision. The benefit of the doubt standard (38 CFR 3.102) requires that when the evidence is in approximate balance, it must be resolved in your favor.
  • Eye conditions separately caused by thyroid disease (e.g., Graves' ophthalmopathy) must be separately evaluated under 38 CFR 4.79 per 38 CFR 4.119 Note 3. You have the right to a separate rating for these conditions.

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This C&P exam preparation guide is for educational purposes only and does not constitute legal, medical, or claims advice. Always consult with a qualified Veterans Service Organization (VSO) representative or VA-accredited attorney for guidance specific to your claim. Never exaggerate, minimize, or fabricate symptoms during a C&P examination.